What is an endowment?
Endowments serve as vehicles through which donors can provide permanent funding
to University programs of their choice. Three principal categories of endowment
are endowment funds (true endowment), term endowment funds, and quasi-endowment
funds (funds functioning as endowment).
• True endowments are funds received from external donors with the restriction
that the principal (gift amount) is to be retained in perpetuity and cannot be
spent. The donor signs the governing document (Declaration of Intention, a/k/a
DOI); true endowments are controlled by donor stipulation.
• Term endowments are like true endowments, except that all or part of
the principal may be used after a stated period of time or on the occurrence
of a certain event.
• Quasi-endowment (funds functioning as endowment) are funds the University,
rather than a donor or other external agency, has determined to treat as permanent
capital although there is no legal obligation to do so. Quasi-endowments are
submitted to the Board of Trustees for acceptance. The governing document (generally
a Statement of Quasi-Endowment) is signed by a University employee and controlled
by the University and department.
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Why are endowment assets pooled?
Endowment assets are pooled and maintained similar to a mutual fund
in that each individual endowment maintains a separate identity
yet is commingled with all endowments for purposes of investment
and accounting efficiencies. As of June 30, 2005, the endowment
pool held approximately 550 individual endowments. By pooling the
endowment assets, a more diversified investment portfolio can be
developed which in the long term should maximize investment performance.
The WMU Foundation endowment pool investment structure consists
of a diversified mix of equity (stocks), performance enhancement
investments (private equity and venture capital), and fixed income
(bond) securities managed by investment professionals appointed
by the WMU Foundation Board of Directors.
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How can I establish an Endowment?
To establish a true or term endowment, contact the WMU Foundation Development
office.
To create a quasi-endowment, contact Gail Kurtz; the following information
will be required:
• Endowment title
• Criteria (purpose for which the endowment will be used;
the department has the latitude to change a quasi-endowment's purpose,
but it requires a new Statement of Quasi-Endowment approved by the
Treasurer, President, and Board of Trustees; thus, it is recommended
the criteria be broad enough to sufficiently support its purpose)
• Fund/Department Number of the funding source
• Funding amount (requires a minimum threshold of $10,000)
• Name and title of University employee to sign Statement of Quasi-Endowment
(generally a chair, dean, department head, etc.)
• Complete the attached Profile
of Persons Designated to Act on Behalf of the Department and/or College as Administrator
of the Endowment [PDF version ]
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What are Spendable Dollars?
Spendable Dollars is the title applied to the funds calculated and
made available (allocated) as per the spending policy authorized
by the WMU Foundation Board of Directors, the stewards of the Foundation
endowment assets. The dollars are determined at the beginning of
the fiscal year, for each qualified endowment, and can be accessed
by the benefiting department throughout the year. The fiscal year
runs July 1 through June 30.
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What is the Endowment Spending Policy?
The spending policy determines how much of the total return will
be allocated and identified as spendable (amount available to distribute)
and how much will be reinvested in the endowment investment pool.
Total return is defined as the accepted method of measuring the
performance of equity and bond funds; it is the combination of income
(interest and dividends) and appreciation/depreciation in the fund’s
value for a specified period of time.
In June 2000, the WMU Foundation Executive Board authorized a 4.5% spending
policy. The calculation is: 4.5% of the average market value for the 60 months
prior to and including June 30, if the fund has been in existence for 60 months
or more; or, 4.5% of the average market value for the actual number of months
the fund has existed prior to and including June 30, if the fund has been in
existence for less than 60 months. This policy is designed to ensure that the
purchasing power of an endowment fund is maintained into perpetuity. The policy,
ideally, maximizes the probability that the distributions steadily increase
from year to year.
The spendable dollars are calculated annually in July. The calculation is
referred to as the “Spending Allocation”. Spendable dollars accumulate
from year to year, and remain invested until withdrawn from the endowment fund.
Specific to true endowments, additions, withdrawals, and/or adverse market
conditions could limit the spendable dollars available for distribution. If
the endowment’s market value is less than the gift amount, no distribution
will be allowed until the market value exceeds the total contributions. If
a true or term endowment’s market value at June 30 is less than the gift
amount, no spendable dollars will be allocated in July of the subsequent fiscal
year.
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How can I monitor my department’s endowment activity?
The endowment management system (EMS) is a software application
that provides sub-accounting processes necessary in administering
and managing the endowments. The EMS allows recipient departments
to view their accounts and make spending requests using the EMS
web site.
• The web site address is: http://www.endowment.wmich.edu/login.aspx.
Please contact Gail Kurtz to obtain your assigned Username and Password, or
to obtain assistance in using this site. The Username and Password will be
assigned once a Profile of Persons Designated to Act on Behalf of the Department
and/or College as Administrator of the Endowment has been completed and forwarded
to the Investments and Endowment Management office.
Categories of information available to authorized users include the following:
Summary – displays the endowment title, general ledger identification
number (endowment’s fund/department number), endowment type, destination
(distribution) fund/department number; identifies the authorized web users
and primary and secondary contacts; displays current values (both pooled and
total market values and defines each), historical gift, spending bucket (accumulated
net spendable dollars) and the available spendable dollars;
Spending Bucket – provides distribution history
and spendable dollars allocations; Distribution – displays the distribution activity
and pending distribution requests not yet posted;
Request Distribution – for those users assigned distribution access
the page displays current available spendable dollars; endowment type; allows
authorized users to submit distribution requests; displays destination (distribution)
fund/department number; and current market value; and
History/Market Value – provides monthly detail activity, including investment
activity, transfers, distributions, etc. The information can be copied to a
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for summation of columns.
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